Lowering salt intake over an 8-year-period does not correlate with an increase in the incidence of heart attack and stroke according to researchers from the University of Leuven in Belgium. In direct opposition to the current dietary recommendations and cardiovascular risk assumptions in the United States, the study has sparked controversy and comments from both the Centers for Disease Control and the American Heart Association (AHA). All laboratory tests and adherence to the protocols occurred in 1,499 participants. Of these participants, those with lower salt intake, as measured by urinary sodium levels, had a higher risk of heart attack and stroke, compared with those with a high salt intake.

Based on the results of the Belgian study, the AHA is not altering advice related to salt consumption: 1500 mg/day. The AHA notes that the European study involved young, white Europeans with no signs of heart disease or hypertension at the beginning of the study. Dr Peter Briss of the Centers for Disease Control emphasizes flaws in the study. He reports that the study was small, carried out over a short time period, and involved young participants.

Still, results of the study deserve some analysis and attention. Nursing students might benefit greatly from comparing the study to current AHA guidelines. Asking students if the study should lead to a change in dietary guidelines could spark interesting investigation, analysis, critical thinking, and conversation.

Source: Nordquist C. Low salt increases stroke and heart attack risk? New study says so, many disagree. Medical News Today. May 6, 2011. Available athttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/224537.php. Accessed on May 15, 2011.

Submitted by: Robin E. Pattillo, PhD, RN, CNL, News Editor at [email protected].