In the latest issue of the Journal of Christian Nursing, Anthony Hoffman BSN, RN, describes his experiences as a diabetic educator in Nouakchott, Mauritania (located on the west coast of Africa). In his article, Universal Principles for Culturally Sensitive Diabetic Education, we are reminded of the importance of cultural awareness.  While most of us might not travel abroad to work, we care for and will continue to care for patients from other countries or with different faiths and traditions that impact how they manage illness. Mr. Hoffman shares the following “universal principles” which truly can apply to any patient in any setting:

"1. Patients own their culture. A patient needs to be allowed and encouraged to describe his or her culture. I found travel guides and documentaries useful as a starting point in understanding culture, but quickly learned the danger of stereotyping. Having an inquisitive attitude helps us be students of our patients' cultures and avoid stereotyping.

2. Patients own their bodies. In every culture, patients have the right to make their care decisions. Sometimes cultural mores and values will make adherence to the plan of care more challenging, but the final course of action belongs to the patient. We must continue to respect and offer the best to our patients regardless of their healthcare decisions.

3. Patients own their care plans. We need to help patients design their own care plans. Let them suggest ideas for how to follow the recommended plan of care. Set small and incremental goals with the patient for lifestyle modifications and celebrate the achievement of goals. In this way, nurse and patient become teammates working together.

4. Patients are their own best advocates. Teach patients the hows and whys of diabetic care, not just the "shoulds" and "musts." A patient who understands the basic physiology of diabetes is empowered to make informed decisions regarding his or her care plan and to adhere to that care plan.

5. Honesty is always the best policy. We are sometimes tempted to tell less than the "whole truth" in the name of cultural sensitivity. For example, I didn't like telling patients that dates have a high glycemic index or that fasting and binging during Ramadan can wreak havoc on their blood glucose. Withholding unpleasant information does not honor our patients or empower them to make wise decisions about their health."

You can read Mr. Hoffman’s article in its entirety here. Let us know what you think!