Keywords

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Distress, General health, Occurrence, Sick leave, Symptom burden, Symptoms

 

Authors

  1. Eriksson, Linda Victoria MSc, RN
  2. Holmberg, Katarina MSc, RN
  3. Lundh Hagelin, Carina PhD, RN
  4. Wengstrom, Yvonne PhD, OCN
  5. Bergkvist, Karin PhD, RN
  6. Winterling, Jeanette PhD

Abstract

Background: Patients are affected by various symptoms after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) that can affect recovery. Research has mainly focused on symptom occurrence; thus, little is known about patients' overall symptom burden.

 

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine patient-reported symptom burden in the first year after allo-HSCT and whether a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT predicts recovery, that is, general health and sick leave, 1 year after transplantation.

 

Methods: Allo-HSCT patients aged 18 to 65 years were included (n = 189). Questionnaire data were collected on admission to the allo-HSCT unit, as well as 4 and 7 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT. Logistic regression evaluated relationships between demographic characteristics, chronic graft-versus-host disease, physical activity, and a high symptom burden.

 

Results: Tiredness, susceptibility to infection, disinterest in sex, and physical weakness remained the most frequent symptoms, while distressing symptoms varied during the first year after allo-HSCT.

 

Poor general health 1 year after allo-HSCT was associated with older age, low physical activity, and a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT. Full-time sick leave 1 year after allo-HSCT was associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease, low physical activity, and a high symptom burden 4 months after transplantation.

 

Conclusions: Experiencing a high symptom burden 4 months after allo-HSCT can affect recovery 1 year after transplantation. Furthermore, low physical activity 4 months after allo-HSCT can predict both general health and sick leave 1 year after transplantation.

 

Implications for Practice: Repeated symptom assessment, including experienced distress, is central for reducing overall symptom burden and supporting recovery after allo-HSCT.