Abstract
In both the United States and Europe, walking is the second most frequently used means of transport after the private car. In 2001, about 8% of all journeys in the United States were made wholly on foot as compared to about 2% by transit. In Europe, typically 25% to 30% of all journeys by older people are made as pedestrians, and this percentage increases with the age of the traveler. Easy and safe conditions for walking are a key element of liveable communities for people of all ages and of independence for older people. This article will consider how pedestrian routes can be improved to make walking easier and safer for everybody, particularly for older people. This will include the provision of continuous pedestrian routes; resting places; signing pedestrian routes; road crossings that are better suited for older people; and reduction of traffic volume and speed, particularly in residential areas and town centers. It will mention the need for local services and facilities, such as shops in liveable communities, to be within walking distance of living areas. Data will be summarized on what aspects of pedestrian routes cause problems, particularly for older people, and on the safety of older pedestrians.