ABSTRACT
Aim: Medical consultation is not only one of the most important steps in disease diagnosis and patient treatment, but also every patient's right. The purpose of this review was to explore patients' and physicians' perspectives and experiences of the quality of medical consultations.
Methods: A qualitative interview study was carried out in outpatient clinics. A combination of face-to-face and telephone interviews was used due to the geographical spread of the respondents. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic descriptive analysis was used to interpret the data. Eligible physicians (n = 21) and patients (n = 27) were invited to take part in a semistructured interview to explore the views, perceptions, and experiences of patients on various factors affecting the quality of medical consultations.
Results: The consultation quality was categorized into three topics: structure quality, process quality, and outcome quality. Data synthesis identified the following major themes for structure quality of consultations: administrative-organizational quality (with eight subthemes), physical environment quality (with six subthemes), and educational quality (with three subthemes). In addition, process quality was categorized into two major themes: examination quality (with nine subthemes) and interpersonal quality (with 13 subthemes). Outcome quality consisted of three major themes: patient satisfaction (with four subthemes), clinical outcomes (with two subthemes), and organizational outcomes (with three subthemes).
Conclusion: Medical consultation plays a central role in the quality and effectiveness of the received health care. Using the indicators of consultation quality improvement can develop physicians' clinical competence and skills. Furthermore, decision-makers can use them to monitor and evaluate physicians' performance.