Surgical jackets and bouffants in the OR provide no measurable benefit to patient outcomes. A large-scale retrospective review published in the April JAMA Surgery addresses the debate between the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) and the American College of Surgeons (ACS) over proper surgical attire. Guidelines developed in 2014 by the AORN recommended the use of bouffant head coverings (as opposed to traditional surgical skullcaps) and long-sleeved surgical jackets. These guidelines were adopted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the Joint Commission despite strong ACS opposition. Recently, however, after finding that this surgical attire is not supported by current evidence, the AORN changed its guidelines to recommend that each health care organization determine an appropriate surgical head covering. The JAMA Surgery study of 34,000 surgical cases over 22 months found that jacket and bouffant use did not significantly affect the risk of surgical site infections. In line with the AORN's revised guidelines, the study authors encourage institutions to evaluate internal patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness data to determine whether there is measurable benefit before implementing recommendations from outside organizations.