Authors

1. Wang, Tzu-Ting
2. Chung, Min-Huey
3. Chien, Hung-Yu
4. Palmer, Mary H.
5. Liao, Chun-Ho
6. Liao, Yuan-Mei

Abstract

PURPOSE: The first aim of this study was to compare nighttime voiding frequency (nocturia), serum hemoglobin A_1c level, peripheral neuropathy score, and global sleep quality score in younger (>40 to <65 years) versus older (>=65 years) women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Additional aims were to identify factors associated with clinically relevant nocturia (>=2 episodes/night) and to analyze relationships between nocturia frequency, glycemic control, peripheral neuropathy, and sleep quality in these women.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Participants were 118 women older than 40 years and with type 2 DM. Their mean age was 65.25 (SD = 9.66) years; the mean duration since diagnosis of type 2 DM was 10.96 (SD = 7.66) years. The study setting was 2 metabolism and endocrinology outpatient departments located in Taipei City and Taoyuan, Taiwan.

METHODS: Data were collected using a questionnaire that queried sociodemographic information, lower urinary tract symptoms, and sleep quality. We also assessed peripheral neuropathy and lower extremity edema and obtained pertinent information from participants' medical records. Independent t tests, multivariate logistic regression analyses, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, and one-way analysis of variance were used to address the 3 study aims.

RESULTS: Analyses found that older women (aged >=65 years) had a significantly higher nighttime voiding frequency, a higher peripheral neuropathy score, and a higher sleep quality score than younger (>40 to <65 years) women. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified 4 factors associated with clinically relevant nocturia advanced age, elevated hemoglobin A_1c level, suspected peripheral neuropathy, and lower extremity edema. Significant correlation coefficients were found between nighttime voiding frequency and serum hemoglobin A_1c levels, peripheral neuropathy scores, and sleep quality scores. Analyses also found that women with a greater nocturia frequency had higher hemoglobin A_1c levels, peripheral neuropathy scores, and sleep quality scores.

CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals should screen for nocturia in women with type 2 DM and provide appropriate management for those experiencing nocturia.