Because the older adult population is increasing rapidly, there will soon be an escalating demand on "aging services." As full-time employment ends for many of the Baby Boomer generation, and health problems inevitably became prevalent, this population (now called "Elder Boomers") will require services in and outside of the health care system. For example, home health care aides will be needed to meet the needs of Alzheimer's patients, as the number of cases of Alzheimer's disease continues to grow. It is predicted that by 2040, 11 million more cases of Alzheimer's disease will be reported. 1(p.19) Importantly, if preventive agents could be found for Alzheimer's disease, incontinence, and osteoporosis, nursing homes could remove half of their patients and save billions of dollars in health care costs. 2(p.12)
The Baby Boomer group is healthier than the preceding generation. There has been a dramatic reduction in hypertension, high cholesterol levels, and smoking, all precursors to chronic disease, in 65-74 year olds from 1990 as compared to that age in 1960. 3(p.6) One of the demands the Baby Boomers are placing on the health care system is to change the current model of disease eradication to one of successful aging. Successful models have focused on three areas: avoiding disease, maintaining high cognitive and physical function, and engaging in relationships and activities. 4(p.12)
Quality of life issues are also becoming increasingly important as older adults face other options besides nursing home care. These options include adult day care, case management, and respite care. More than ever, older adults are seeking environments that suit their health care needs. There are numerous model programs across the country. For example, in San Francisco there is the Program for All-Inclusive Care of the Elderly (PACE), which provides an alternative to nursing home care. Participants attend adult day health centers to receive medical and social services. 5(p.16) Who would not rather have adult day care than be in a long-term care facility?
This issue of Family and Community Health focuses on the health care needs of the older population outside the health care system and within the community. The articles cover a variety of topics including home health care aides for persons with Alzheimer's disease, ethnic-specific health promotion and education, health issues prominent among older adults that can be prevented, and understanding the indicators of community elder friendliness. Each topic will help us better understand the growing needs of this population. It is exciting to see older adults enjoying lively, vibrant lives.
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