INSTRUCTIONS Acute migraine headache in children
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Acute migraine headache in children
GENERAL PURPOSE: To provide information about pediatric and adolescent acute migraine headaches. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: After completing this continuing-education activity, you should be able to: 1. Review the risk factors for pediatric migraine headaches. 2. Recognize IHS diagnostic criteria for acute migraine headaches in pediatric patients. 3. Identify assessment tools for pediatric patients experiencing acute migraine headaches.
1. Which statement about migraine headaches is correct?
a. Migraine headaches affect 8% of children.
b. Migraine headaches are the third most prevalent disease in the world.
c. By age 17, as many as 23% of boys have experienced a migraine headache.
2. Before puberty, migraine headaches occur
a. more often in boys.
b. more often in girls.
c. equally in girls and boys.
3. Which is the most common site of migraine pain in children?
a. frontoparietal
b. temporoparietal
c. frontotemporal
4. If a child has a family member with migraine headaches, the risk of the child having migraine headaches is almost
a. 2 times more likely.
b. 4 times more likely.
c. 10 times more likely.
5. Migraine headache in children is usually best described as
a. unilateral.
b. bilateral.
c. occipital.
6. According to the IHS, at least how many migraine headaches without aura meeting the listed criteria need to occur for diagnosis?
a. 2
b. 5
c. 10
7. Which sign or symptom does not usually occur in migraine with typical aura?
a. motor weakness
b. sensory symptoms
c. speech-language symptoms
8. The breakdown of matrixins is the cause of
a. photophobia.
b. auras.
c. hyperalgesia.
9. The Acute Pain Management Guidelines recommend that until the patient is pain-free with rest and movement, pain assessments should occur every
a. 15 minutes.
b. 60 minutes.
c. 4 hours.
10. The PedMIDAS is a reliable and objective measure of
a. emotional well-being.
b. overall health status.
c. school- and socialization-related disability.
11. Which tool is a 23-question instrument that evaluates parent and child responses to physical, emotional, social, and school health?
a. PedMIDAS
b. PedsQL
c. FLACC Behavioral Scale
12. Autonomic signs suggesting pain in children include
a. delirium.
b. tachycardia.
c. withdrawal.
13. Migraine is thought to be a primary event in the
a. cerebrum.
b. cerebellum.
c. brainstem.
14. The IHS classifies an episodic migraine as occurring less than how many days per month?
a. 15
b. 25
c. 30
15. General treatment measures for a child with acute migraine headache include
a. applying warm washcloths to the forehead.
b. sleeping in a dark, quiet room.
c. resting in bed with the TV at a low volume.
16. Medications for moderate-to-severe migraine headaches in 6-year-old children include
a. rizatriptan.
b. diazepam.
c. almotriptan.
17. Status migrainosus is a complication from a debilitating migraine attack lasting for more than
a. 24 hours.
b. 48 hours.
c. 72 hours.
18. For mild-to-moderate migraine not associated with vomiting or severe nausea, what are first-choice agents?
a. analgesics
b. triptans
c. ergotamine preparations