Keywords

Asian American, cross-cultural, tool translation and validation

 

Authors

  1. Jones, Patricia S.
  2. Lee, Jerry W.
  3. Phillips, Linda R.
  4. Zhang, Xinwei E.
  5. Jaceldo, Karen B.

Abstract

Background: The number of nurse scientists pursuing cross-cultural research using quantitative designs is increasing. Preparation of instruments that are conceptually and functionally appropriate in the language of the participants is a complex process that needs examination.

 

Objectives: Brislin's classic model for translation and validation of instruments for cross-cultural research is critiqued. Adaptations and extensions of that model are recommended.

 

Methods: Brislin's model guided tool preparation in a cross-cultural investigation. The process is described and lessons learned are outlined and discussed.

 

Conclusions: Steps toward a more efficient and valid approach to the preparation of instruments are suggested.