Instructions:
* Read the article. The test for this CE activity is to be taken online at http://www.NursingCenter.com/CE/JPNN.
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* There is only one correct answer for each question.
* A passing score for this test is 13 correct answers. If you pass, you can print your certificate of earned contact hours and access the answer key. If you fail, you have the option of taking the test again at no additional cost.
* If you pass, you can print your certificate of earned contact hours and access the answer key. If you fail, you have the option of taking the test again at no additional cost.
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Registration Deadline: December 31, 2018
Provider Accreditation:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, publisher of Journal of Perinatal Nursing, will award 3.5 contact hours for this continuing nursing education activity.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation.
This activity is also provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider Number CEP 11749 for 3.5 contact hours. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins is also an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the District of Columbia, Georgia, and Florida #50-1223. Your certificate is valid in all states.
Disclosure Statement:
The authors and planners have disclosed that they have no financial relationships related to this article.
Payment:
* The registration fee for this test is $29.95.
CE TEST QUESTIONS
General Purpose Statement: To provide information on the parenting and caregiving for a preterm infant during the transition to home after hospital discharge.
Learning Objectives/Outcomes: After completing this continuing education activity, you should be able to:
1. Recognize stressors for parents of preterm infants that have a negative impact on their transition to home after hospital discharge.
2. Identify facilitators of a positive postdischarge transition for parents of preterm infants.
1. The studies reviewed for this article showed that one of the major difficulties for parents at 1 month postdischarge was
a. accepting parental responsibilities.
b. conflict with professional caregivers.
c. adjusting to an infant's disability.
2. What does the article cite as a feature of preterm infants that may limit parents' interactions with their infant?
a. less responsiveness
b. increased crying and "fussiness"
c. the presence of attached medical devices
3. Compared to their needs immediately after discharge, with time parents' focus changes to infants'
a. direct caregiving needs.
b. medical condition.
c. developmental needs.
4. According to Vasquez, the first stage of becoming a parent of a preterm infant is gathering information and resources to
a. assess for the accomplishment of milestones.
b. sustain life and protect the infant.
c. nurture the infant's cognitive development.
5. What does the author say interferes with parental enjoyment and produces feelings of self-blaming for inability to enjoy the infant?
a. sleep deprivation
b. the need to care for siblings
c. demands to return to work
6. As noted in the article, an increased parental willingness to avoid exposure to infections or other health risks for the infant can lead to
a. social isolation.
b. a lack of clinical follow-up.
c. interference with bonding.
7. Vasquez identifies the third stage of becoming a parent of a preterm infant as
a. transitioning from nursing to solid foods.
b. increasing physical separation from the parent.
c. introducing an infant to the outside world.
8. The 1989 study by Affleck et al found that the provision of professional home support to parents of high-risk infants postdischarge
a. was not beneficial for mothers of very preterm infants.
b. had a negative impact on mothers when the infant was relatively healthy.
c. had a more positive impact on fathers than mothers.
9. In the 1986 study by Cupoli et al, which reaction pattern of grief was identified most frequently?
a. early resolution
b. late resolution
c. delayed reaction
10. Research by Brooten et al on levels of depression in mothers revealed that
a. multiparas were more depressed before discharge than primiparas.
b. mothers were more anxious and depressed after discharge than before.
c. mothers of infants with shorter hospital stays were less depressed at discharge than mothers of infants with longer hospital stays.
11. Which of the following correlated positively with interaction scores at 8 months in the 1991 study by Zahr?
a. birth weight
b. length of hospitalization
c. temperament
12. Miles, Funk and Kasper found that parents of preterm infants suffer from parental role alteration due to
a. fear of parental failure.
b. the infant's appearance and behavior.
c. the hospital environment.
13. Studies have shown that, later in their lives, infants of mothers with clinically elevated depressive symptoms and low social support had
a. a higher prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder.
b. lower scores on cognitive development.
c. higher rates of substance use disorders.
14. Results from the study by Samra et al on mothers of former late preterm infants revealed
a. a relationship between prematurity and maternal perception of child vulnerability.
b. a relationship between prematurity and greater parenting stress.
c. no relationship between prematurity and maternal overprotectiveness.
15. Olshtain-Mann and Auslander reported that more educated parents
a. used healthcare resources more appropriately.
b. were more competent and interactive with infants.
c. felt less competent in caregiving of preterm infants.
16. One of the themes that emerged from this review of research in parents of preterm infants was
a. learning caregiving and parenting.
b. preterm infants' reaction to traumatic experiences.
c. strained mother-father dyad relationships.
17. The author stresses the need for the development of
a. better community-based resources for parents of preterm infants.
b. a valid and reliable tool for measuring parental transition.
c. educational programs to increase parenting competence.
18. A limitation of this review as identified by the author is that
a. its results may not be replicable.
b. the problem formulated for the review was very narrow.
c. studies that continued longer than 12 months were included.