Keywords

atrophic vaginitis, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, GSM, vulvovaginal atrophy

 

Authors

  1. Ward, Katherine DNP, WHNP
  2. Deneris, Angela PhD, CNM

Abstract

Abstract: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is the new name for the conditions that formerly included vulvovaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis. GSM better describes the range of conditions associated with low estrogen levels in menopause and invites patient discussion without the use of words that might be uncomfortable to say. This article discusses the physiology of GSM and reviews both hormonal and nonhormonal treatment options.