This study examined the influence of three simulation preparation methods (expert modeling/intervention, voice-over PowerPoint/active control, and reading assignments/passive control) on improving novice nurses' competence and selfefficacy for providing care to multiple simulated patients. Both competence and self-efficacy were measured at baseline and following a five-week intervention. Twenty senior pre-licensure nursing students participated in the trial. One-way ANOVAs and parametric/nonparametric correlations were used. Voice-over PowerPoint and expert modeling resulted in greater improvements in self-efficacy compared with traditional reading assignments as simulation preparation. However, there was no relationship between change in competence and self-efficacy over time.