Authors

1. Tzanis, Georgios MD
2. Manetos, Christos MD
3. Dimopoulos, Stavros MD
4. Vasileiadis, Ioannis MD
5. Malliaras, Kostas MD
6. Kaldara, Elisabeth MD
7. Karatzanos, Eleftherios PhD
8. Nanas, Serafim MD

Abstract

PURPOSE: Exercise training programs improve microcirculatory alternations in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However less is known about the acute effect of maximum exercise on the skeletal muscle microcirculation. We aimed to assess the effect of acute exercise on peripheral microcirculation of patients with CHF, as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy with vascular occlusion technique.

METHODS: Tissue oxygenation was evaluated in 8 stable patients with CHF (7 males; mean age, 60 +/- 9 years; body mass index, 26.3 +/- 3.8 kg/m²) and 8 healthy subjects (matched for age, sex, and body mass index) before and after cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Tissue oxygen saturation (StO₂), StO_2peak, oxygen consumption rate, and endothelial function (reperfusion rate), before and after maximum exercise, were assessed.

RESULTS: Patients with CHF had lower StO₂ and reperfusion rate compared with healthy subjects (71.4% +/- 9.8% vs 81.0% +/- 5.4% and 9 +/- 1 %/min vs 13.9 +/- 5.8%/min, respectively; P < .05) at rest. Oxygen consumption rate increased after exercise in patients with CHF and healthy subjects (from -31.7 +/- 8.2 to -43.7 +/- 12.7 and from -35.7 +/- 6.7 to -42.4 +/- 6.4, respectively; P < .05). StO₂ decreased significantly after maximal exercise in patients with CHF (from 71.4 +/- 9.8 to 65.2 +/- 12.7; P < .05), whereas it returned to the preexercise values in healthy subjects (from 81.0 +/- 5.4 to 80.3 +/- 7.0). There was a significant between-group difference (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CHF present microcirculatory alternations. Acute exercise exerts an effect on microcirculation in peripheral, nonexercising muscles, with altered response in patients with CHF compared with healthy subjects.