What are varicose veins?

Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that are seen just under the surface of the skin. They usually occur in the legs and feet but can also form in other parts of your body.

Veins have one-way valves that open and close to help blood return to your heart. If the valves become weak or damaged, blood can back up and make the veins swell. This leads to varicose veins.

Varicose veins are two to three times more common in women than in men. Factors that can increase the risk of getting varicose veins include:

* older age

* family history

* pregnancy

* standing or sitting for long periods

* being overweight or obese

* injuring the legs.

Varicose veins usually don't cause medical problems. But they may cause pain, discomfort, and more serious problems like blood clots or leg ulcers in some people.

How will my healthcare provider know I have varicose veins?

Signs that you may have varicose veins include veins that look dark purple or blue. They may seem twisted or bulging. Some people don't notice any other symptoms. Others may notice:

* a dull ache in the legs, especially at the end of the day

* swollen feet and ankles

* itchy skin around the veins

* a feeling of heaviness or pressure in the legs.

Your healthcare provider will ask you about your symptoms and any family history of varicose veins. Be sure to share information about how many hours you spend on your feet. Also provide information about any pain or discomfort.

In most cases, a physical exam is enough. However, an ultrasound test may be done to see if your veins are working properly. It can also let your healthcare provider check for blood clots in your legs.

How are varicose veins treated?

Lifestyle changes are often enough to improve the signs and symptoms of varicose veins. These include elevating and supporting your legs throughout the day, avoiding high heels, and wearing graduated compression stockings. Regular exercise and not standing or sitting for long periods of time can also help. If these treatments don't work or your condition is more severe, your healthcare provider may talk with you about other procedures, including surgery, and discuss which is best for you.

What can I do to prevent getting varicose veins?

Improving your circulation and muscle tone can help prevent varicose veins. You can also:* maintain a healthy weight

* maintain a healthy weight

* avoid standing for long periods

* exercise regularly

* eat a high-fiber, low-salt diet

* put your legs up when sitting or lying down

* avoid wearing high heels or tight socks or stockings

* change your sitting or standing position throughout the day.