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Diseases & Conditions

Latest updates on sepsis, zika, and other topics disrupting the healthcare industry
By: Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski, DNP, RN, CRNP, CCRN, CNE, ACNP-BC, ACNPC May 17 2022
Accurately Assessing Peripheral Pulses Pulse assessment is crucial to identifying life- and limb-threatening injuries and illnesses. Character and quality of pulses can be affected by several different factors, and early identification and intervention is paramount to good patient...
By: Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski, DNP, RN, CRNP, CCRN, CNE, ACNP-BC, ACNPC May 17 2022
Measuring Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Step by Step Measuring noninvasive blood pressures is an essential procedure in nursing. Measurements can be taken utilizing either a sphygmomanometer or a digitally automated blood pressure cuff. In either case, it is important to ensure the proper size cuff...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN May 12 2022
Antianginals - How Do They Work? Angina is severe chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. Antianginal medications encompass a group of drug classes that either reduce the consumption of oxygen in the heart muscle or increase oxygen supply to the myocardium to...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN Apr 14 2022
Atropine Sulfate: How Does It Work? If you’ve ever participated in a patient code, you’re probably familiar with the drug atropine. Have you ever wondered how atropine works? Derived from the plant Atropa belladonna, atropine is an anticholinergic drug – a...
By: Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski, DNP, RN, CRNP, CCRN, ACNP-BC, ACNPC Mar 25 2022
The Appendix to Appendicitis: Know the Signs of Appendicitis When doing an abdominal assessment, one might find several different signs that could indicate appendicitis. We will be discussing some of these assessment findings, and how they relate to acute appendicitis.  The McBurney point is point...
By: Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski, DNP, RN, CRNP, CCRN, ACNP-BC, ACNPC Mar 25 2022
2 Ways to Assess the Spleen There are times when it is helpful to measure the spleen on assessment. The disease processes that can cause splenomegaly include mononucleosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, HIV infection, parasitic infection, connective tissue...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN Mar 23 2022
How to Calculate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a lab value that looks at kidney function. While you may recognize the GFR as a result that simply comes back on the lab slip, it’s important to note that this result is based on a calculation that...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN Mar 21 2022
What Does Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Tell Us About the Kidneys? Patients with kidney disease may present with a variety of symptoms or no symptoms at all. Some have renal signs such as gross hematuria or flank pain; others present with edema, hypertension, or uremia; and for many, lab tests will show an...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN Mar 11 2022
Calcium Channel Blockers - How Do They Work? Calcium channel blockers (antagonists) are commonly prescribed to treat a variety of cardiovascular disorders. All calcium channel blockers inhibit the L-type calcium channel within cells and are divided into two major categories, either...
By: Jennifer H. Collins , MSN, AGACNP-BC Feb 21 2022
The 4 Components of Source Control in Sepsis Sepsis and septic shock impact millions of patients worldwide (Evans et al., 2021). Sepsis is defined as life threatening end-organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis is the leading cause of death in critically...
By: Myrna Buiser Schnur, MSN, RN Feb 15 2022
Beta Adrenergic Blockers - How Do They Work? Beta adrenergic blockers (ß-blockers) affect the beta receptors of the sympathetic nervous system and are used to treat a multitude of acute and chronic diseases. There are three types of beta receptors: beta-1 (B1) are located in the heart and...
By: Lisa Bonsall, MSN, RN, CRNP, CCRN Feb 7 2022
What Does Jugular Venous Pressure Tell Us About Volume Status? Estimating jugular venous pressure (JVP) is a noninvasive method for assessing a patient’s volume status. It is used to estimate whether right atrial pressure (RAP) is high or normal and to assess trends in RAP, including response to...
By: Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski, DNP, RN, CRNP, CCRN, ACNP-BC, ACNPC Feb 7 2022
Bruits And Thrills: What Was That? When performing a cardiovascular assessment, auscultation and palpation are used to examine the character of the vasculature. Bruits may be felt over arteries and sometimes thrills are palpated. Why are these significant? Bruits The presence of...
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