Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of smokers living in Brazil who use outpatient and hospital psychiatric services and outpatient services in primary health care services. It also aims to identify the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with current smoking in these samples. This is a cross-sectional study with 378 participants from a Brazilian city: P1, persons from the mental health outpatient service; and P2, persons from the psychiatric hospital; P3, general population from the primary healthcare center. A Poisson multiple regression model for current smoking was adjusted. The prevalence of smokers was greater in the psychiatric population than those in the primary health care population (mental health outpatient service = 27%, psychiatric hospital = 60.3%, primary healthcare center = 19%). Current smoking is associated with younger groups (15-29 years old: PRadjusted = 3.35; 30-39 years old: PRadjusted = 2.28), Roman Catholicism (PRadjusted = 1.60), not having a religion (PRadjusted = 2.45), severe psychiatric illness (PRadjusted = 3.04), anxiety disorders/other disorders (PRadjusted = 3.96), and the previous and current use of alcohol (PRadjusted = 2.27 and 2.25, respectively) and illicit substances (PRadjusted = 1.81 and 2.00, respectively). In conclusion, the independent factors associated with current smoking are age, religion, psychiatric diagnosis, and use of alcohol/illicit substances.