Keywords

adults, cardiopulmonary disease, dyspnea, primary care, shortness of breath

 

Authors

  1. Bull, Amy PhD, FNP-BC

Abstract

Abstract: Chronic dyspnea is the presence of shortness of breath lasting for a minimum of 4 weeks. It is a common complaint associated with many of the cardiopulmonary diseases seen in primary care. This article provides a systematic, evidence-based, and cost-effective approach to the evaluation of this complex symptom.