Authors

  1. Miller, Karl E. MD
  2. Miller, Marti RN, CRNH

Abstract

After pain control, gastrointestinal symptoms are among the more common problems that healthcare professionals face when providing care at the end of life. These can range from mild and annoying to severe symptoms requiring emergency interventions. These symptoms include nausea and vomiting, dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, hepatic failure, anorexia, and intractable hiccups. Treatment of these various gastrointestinal symptoms includes nonpharmacological and pharmacological management strategies.